A genetic marker is a gene or sequence on a chromosome that shows genetic linkage with a trait of interest. Genetic maps provide the big picture (similar to a map of interstate highways) and use genetic markers (similar to landmarks). A genetic map is an illustration that lists genes and their location on a chromosome. The maps that are created are comparable to the maps that we use to navigate streets. Genome mapping is the process of finding the location of genes on each chromosome. Just as information technology has led to Google Maps that enable us to get detailed information about locations around the globe, genomic information is used to create similar maps of the DNA of different organisms. The advances in genomics have been made possible by DNA sequencing technology. Genomics is the study of entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization, and their interactions within a species and with other species. The study of nucleic acids began with the discovery of DNA, progressed to the study of genes and small fragments, and has now exploded to the field of genomics. Explain different applications of genomics and proteomics.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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